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auto-generated 31-Jan-2021
USCA Case #21-1021 Document #1880397 Filed: 01/15/2021 Page 1 of 47 IN UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY, FRIENDS OF THE EARTH, and SIERRA CLUB, Petitioners, v. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY and ANDREW WHEELER, Administrator, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Respondents. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) 21-1021 Case No. ______ PETITION FOR REVIEW Pursuant to Clean Air Act 307(b)(1), 42 U.S.C. 7607(b)(1), Federal Ru

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dates in their analysis level of the standard costs associated with certification production and new type docket for this action technologies from most cost dates for new type engines used on covered faa and the department

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Pathway Demo and Download Data

You can download the excel file containing Categories, Goals, Measures and Actions. Please use Lunge App, to try the pathway data.
This section lists the Pathway type, Priority/ function areas, Sectors/ fields of life and People/ roles for the pathway.
Priority/ Function Areas:   Business & Industrial
Sectors/ Fields of Life:   Economy-wide
This section lists the Categories, Goals, Measures and Actions included in the pathway.
Profiles:   this standards   the provisions   an redesigns   the adoption   u commenters   both airplanes   the cost   this design   dc note   a number   emirate airlines   the fuel   the airplane   the analysis   the abbreviations   this criteria   the industry   o designs   an updates   this provision   the aircraft   the staff   the disclosures   a round   icao work   the metric   the efficiency   all airplanes   this update   all design   the types   the alternative   each person   a value   l meetings   this proposal   the person   the agreement   this factors   the mass   the proposal   the rule   nox emissions   the administrator   the emissions   the grounds   the baselines   the benefits   all reductions   vic approach   each variant   epa business   the evolution   a version   the convention   the findings   any attempt   epa standards   a score   we standards   this index   the standards   this limits   the objective   this table   the risks   no modelling   any statements   the purpose   the dates   the methods   the standard   the regulations   this provisions   icao implementation   this airplanes   the number   the identification   sar factor   this rulemaking   this section   this rule   a set   this language   the area   such change   the reductions   a mtom   the requirements   a380 freighters   the rulemaking   the meeting   this magnitude   the center   this studies   a design   the manufacturers   an information   all material   the analyses   caa section   any airplanes   the principle   the system   the values   epa control   a type   this procedures   a pollutant   an commenters   k scale   all stakeholders   a grant   the criteria   the release   the danger   the material   the marketplace   any impact   a engine   a scale   the committee   any effects   no emissions   any request   the implementation   flight flight   the focus   a change   the technology   the factor   the results   such demonstration   the specification   the market   the criterion   the projects   the segments   state position   the line   this differences   the meaning   icao standards   a corporation   the performance   the calculation   o reports   all changes   this values   no delays   a use   the relationship   any regulations   the width   no manufacturer   the index   the baseline   the timing   a airplane   the margin   all versions   the procedures   the designs   this designs   the term   the effects   this change   this thresholds   all fluids   an manufacturers   a factor   such requirement   the information   it analysis   the rgf   the applicability   viii authority   the definitions   august airplanes   the problem   the approach   this result   what methodologies   the membership   a response   party nature   any regulation   its designs   this business   the size   the report   the language   the action   the impact   frm fmt   the ghgs   this commenters   we sources   we analysis   that models   the manufacturer   all emissions   co2 scale   icao engine   the responses   the type   the settings   the exemptions   a example   the pollutant   any version   the chair   the agency   this action   this subsection   this modifications   the nrc   a certificate   this reductions   a point   each airplane   this behavior   a bottomup   a manufacturer   a agency   the forecasts   u respondents   this results   the version   the sector   a industry   the process   the description   the comparisons   any terms   epa rules   the peer   epa lack   this characteristics   the date   it mass   this data   its assumptions   a rule   the levels   a relationship   this regulation   l lines   the technologies   it mission   a tool   co2 analysis   the acceptability   the level   u manufacturers   a kilograms   the methodology   sar range   rin control   the states   the status   the model   the establishment   what standard   the comparison   this scenario   the anticipation   this approach   usc rule   the threshold   the fuselage   c basis   the updates   all models   this metric   any standards   it impacts   the conclusion   the value   epa actions
Goals:   include bypass engines   minimize emissions noise   use gathered information   describe technical factors   limit made improvements   assess develop need   reengine airplane boeing   update existing incorporation   model expected performance   exist initial data   use performance model   describe emission impacts   adopt employs standard   pass considered options   undertake analyze effort   enforce requirements section   find gas emissions   improve executive order   handle similar standards   change external antenna   incorporate costeffective technologies   analyze sensitivity case   include wide range   certify type design   reduce certification burden   deem section 231b   consider emissions performance   identify engineering costs   use conversion factor   represent used assumptions   provide appropriate avenue   change adjust analysis   cost excluding billion   incorporate same schedule   increase efficiency value   identify reasonable balance   describe efficiency metric   recommend fourth edition   affect emissions levels   use following equation   issue new rule   project associated costs   submit rule report   move entire programs   include examples code   update engine testing   provide issued requirements   reflect technology levels   detail likely technologies   file billing code   include emission trends   ensure consistent certification   asses potential impact   enforce other edition   receive type certification   meet inproduction level   apply jet airplanes   meet contained standards   start characterization report   conduct detailed search   accept sales orders   analyze reflect baselinescenarios   exceed value limit   include integration costs   power state standards   use final dates   control state subdivision   convert passenger airplane   prove conformity action   reduce air pollution   calculate retirement rates   include assumes assumptions   create methodological framework   adopt shown metric   reduce airplane weight   obtain greatest degree   know aggregated rate   generate unit matrix   improve efficiency improvement   certificate airplane type   adopt determines standards   play active role   apply made modifications   adopt new version   establish harmonized standards   secure practicable degree   obtain preparing airplane   assume continuous improvement   include minor change   enforce airplane standard   provide reconsider mechanism   promulgate equivalent standards   calculate efficiency value   represent physical size   improve fuel efficiency   consider underlying assumptions   make regarding decisions   make end announcement   apply efficiency improvement   endanger final rule   adopt emissions limit   meet states obligations   affect metric value   adopt same dates   reference recent edition   surround wing light   minimize developments noise   include tracks improvements   describe technological feasibility   increase commercial payload   retain original value   follow recent programs   quantify associated costs   decide standards principal   propose applicable standards   confer broad degree   give reasonable time   replace annual improvements   require capital costs   develop different method   control engine emissions   exceed rounded following   ask seat kilometer   extend value improvements   receive initial certificate   use voluntary standards   include modified expectation   recommend states sarps   increase affect noise   issue regarding findings   offset technology improvements   adopt test procedures   achieve technologyforcing result   adopt excepts language   impose enforceable duty   employ efficiency metric   use consensus standards   enforce set standard   develop meets technology   enable air carriers   adopt differing regulations   require emissions limitations   allow lead time   rulemake market considerations   derive overall index   use flight data   apply new requirement   regulate emitted pollutants   use require airplanes   analyze feasible improvements   change efficiency value   finalize efficiency metric   use marketshare selection   adopt proposed provisions   update analysis herein   webform telephone number   reflect emission performance   replace global fleet   regulate other substances   define significant change   change emergency configuration   make following assumptions   adopt equivalent standards   fly circle distance   amend submitted application   include configurations characteristics   use analysis project   recognize significant hardships   cool technology response   continue statutory paradigm   adopt fuel metric   simplify made computation   finalize aligned standards   affect efficiency value   follow final rulemaking   comply regulations test   advance airplane aerodynamics   end production runs   need comply time   adopt measures approach   improve fuel burn   compare technology assumption   incorporate traditional measure   review detailing report   consume air range   include following engine   undergo design changes   enforce adopted standards   use fuel metric   list filed information   measure single compound   undergo type certification   create using baseline   meet independent standards   achieve emission reductions   use advocacy processes   use different approach   issue twotiered standards   align fuel specification   establish cruise performance   identify reduce technologies   cross tons point   obtain engines airplanes   need make notice   address environmental issues   change effective date   adopt apply standards   meet passenger capacity   attain value improvements   represent industry interests   include civil airplanes   contain unfunded mandate   make allow modifications   undergo report review   develop projected baseline   meet efficiency levels   cover airplanes airplanes   include following standards   divide defined area   evaluate final regulations   use technology assumption   measure fuel efficiency   include reduce technologies   submit final icr   establish match standards   set covered types   project associated reductions   reflect determined difference   meet final standards   adopt similar proposal   describe statutory authority   establish potential use   meet applicable standards   control expected costs   define standardized weight   generate different methodology   increase maximum mass   examine relevant criteria   address emission standards   maintain harmonizing consistency   match final regulations   avoid raised concerns   afford reasonable amount   complete certification process   continue rulemaking approach   use term co2   see volume procedures   place airplane manufacturers   combine growth rates   accommodate wide range   include incorporating required   adopt engine ghg   implement conform requirements   grow year activities   adopt same thresholds   create future inventories   represent lower level   create constructed baseline   define certification applications   use transfer act   protect lands waters   provide lead time   conduct independent analysis   reflect current status   require measurement instrumentation   mean certificated airplane   adopt proposed requirement   recognize airworthiness certificates   drive overall effectiveness   advance overall performance   determine burn index   make quantify attempt   meet new level   firefight powered airplanes   deny airworthiness certificate   weigh test criteria   cause significant increase   compile supply curves   provide harmonization uniformity   receive type certificate   describe nonrecurring costs   endanger public health   incorporate work plans   present disproportionate risk   perform flight tests   indicate accelerated improvement   take requires 129a4   determine form values   assess needed reductions   understand true meaning   promulgate emission standards   rule disclosure statement   reduce cost burden   match final standards   have maximum mass   implement relative technology   report highest body   establish emission standards   provide assess measures   show numerical limits   scale sale price   change emission standards   cite adopt regulation   develop new manufacturers   match timing stringency   increase fuel efficiency   include estimate steps   match airport parameters   develop emission standards   submit modified airplanes   establish environmental goals   review executive order   need temporary exemption   reduce fuel burn   develop used baseline   adopt applicable standards   include turboprop airplanes   meet final regulations   trigger change criteria   reduce extraction cooling   measure cruise performance158   address environmental impacts   reflect continual improvement   impose new burden   recommend percent reduction   control executive order   address policy issues   capture initial certificate   establish legal framework   use simplifying assumption   incorporate increases modification   achieve healthier world   conduct stringency analysis   protect natural environment   reflect developed differences   replace older edition   generate certification report   level playing field   assert regulatory authority   provide detailed description   rulemake new types   propose reporting requirement   endanger health section   constitute primary cause   achieve weight reduction   generate overall score   discuss response standard   urge member states   require same test   explore possible range   include labor costs   determine specific values   understand action airplanes   incorporate specific sar   calculate efficiency factor   use market share   meet stringency levels   issue applicable standards   include sensitivity scenario   apply scaled costs   limit oxide emissions   take benefit interdependencies   increase metric value   regulate air pollutant   provide customer service   improve significant expenditures   reflect improving businessasusual   disrupt harmonization icao   differentiate different pathways   alleviate cost burden   include recognizes airplanes   develop metric system   forecast contributed improvements   yield burn reductions   propose annual provision   prepare performing airplane   impose additional burden   calculate equivalent emissions   describe conducted analysis   implement corresponding standards   conduct consistent reviews   propose same date   carry technology elements   include wingtip devices   anticipate technology costs   mean stationary source   make policy decisions   consider aviation market   determine nondimensional rgf   reduce identified icf   asses emissions impacts   file case document   include technology improvements   adopt made recommendations   adopt emissions standards   meet final rule   add recurring costs   include engineering rd   measure travel distance   give meet fact   reflect incorporate feasibility   control exemptions standards   consult listed person   conduct research exclusive   represent historical growth   meet budget needs   evaluate airplane models   describe technology response   establish applicable standards   tighten original standard   conduct determined operations   remove regarding question   provide necessary time
Measures:   significant change   nongovernmental party   passenger seats   iii procedures   potential technology   different years   exist engines   mix ghgs   jet airplane   contracttowered airports   different projections   large updates   noncompliant airplanes   actual flight   historical emissions   duplicative burdens   trail control   international standard   oxide emissions   reduce reduction   appropriate levels   international operation   numeric rate   modify airplanes   small jet   propose rule   nox standard   certificate designs   available pp   consensus standards   epafinal standard   aromatic limits   exist standards   caep terms   activist supporters   annual provisions   temporary exemption   define term   recent edition   literature search   single unit   indian governments   general information   available bulletin   national act   national standards   policy decisions   novel issues   ivc sections   early compliance   continuous improvements   various technologies   businessasusual improvements   tenth report   standard notice   triennial meetings   air pollutant   initial certificate   major programs   civil turboprop   follow dimensions   vii amendments   prior generation   international section   international article   international fuels   ghg emissions   co2 emissions   prescribe conditions   maximum reductions   measurement instrumentation   specific efficiency   final rulemaking   rule report   nrc costs   stringent alternatives   high score   potential concerns   possible extent   technologybased standards   large cost   save technologies   ghg rule   recent amendments   capital equipment   new sources   wide range   air pollution   project emissions   individual differences   technical probability   icf projects   high health   international protection   retirement rate   new certificates   applicability dates   exact rates   reasonable time   same scope   emission levels   dedicate freighters   ghg standards   propulsive technologies   such standards   economic incentive   regulatory review   practical impact   early exit   technological improvements   next section   laminar control   give manufacturers   environmental field   annex revisions   sale orders   certificate design   potential reductions   historical examples   manufacture airplanes   airplane manufacturers   estimate costs   nonfederal airports   associate counsel   real effect   relevant co2   early date   numerical limitations   standard business   such modifications   whole manufacturers   flow control   small entities   respect emissions   subsonic types   multiple experts   certify airplanes   future improvements   multiple baselinescenarios   longterm index   baseline projects   certificate rgf   environmental justice   nonprofit corporation   achievable degree   authorize legislation   airplane helicopters   future production   emission reductions   fleet database   future cooperation   independent standards   general trend   global transportation   supply chain   international standards   regulatory level   future inventories   response standard   incremental updates   such data   passenger airplane   minimum volume   certain aircraft   swiss lines   new value   regulatory limit   large incremental   value improvement   governmental organizations   meaning table   certain modifications   technological d   civil airplanes   emission level   international regulations   diplomatic conference   public education   original airplanes   specific performance   own modeling   consistent emissions   executive overview   relevant factors   technical amendments   short improvement   burn reductions   business decisions   slow rate   consistent reviews   incremental category   certificate types   expect status   exemption provisions   environmental impacts   report provisions   maximum width   hard copy   cover inproduction   new types   technical improvements   main analysis   immediate date   inproduction standards   follow reasons   certification programs   global marketplace   interactive analysis   certificate capacity   additional baselinescenarios   total emissions   enforceable duty   worldwide acceptance   future business   continuous values   look language   nonghg purposes   flat section   public section   ghgcertificated airplanes   build designs   mathematical function   modify design   nondimensional measure   affect parties   reduce extraction   icf analysis   sufficient notice   least cost   ninth edition   large airplanes   certification costs   more airplanes   sufficient basis   small governments   constant section   limit reductions   submit case   far updates   follow assumptions   emission standard   first standards   aggregate ghg   due costs   dynamic reaction   outbound effectiveness   standard details   small jets   high modes   individual member   significant factors   international flights   certificate configuration   maximum mtom   propose text   american system   current regulations   inproduction level   significant differences   great impacts   usual baseline   equivalent regulations   necessary characteristics   public health   subject matter   statutory paradigm   requisite technology   technical expertise   effective year   active role   total ghg   feasible improvements   test procedure   unnecessary uncertainty   original version   stationary source   correlate parameter   annual provision   national government   available suite   update version   twodimensional projection   follow airplanes   few models   domestic law   central relevance   flight data   annual expenditures   remote service   regulatory activities   available standards   aviationrelated matters   historical trends   propose provisions   report requirement   annual rate   available document   induce reduction   straight level   flight matrix   local quality   future emissions   market considerations   first certificate   follow terms   feasible standards   consistent exceptions   enable legislation   regulate pollutant   short list   test method   available data   particular entity   kgkg fuel   constant improvement   retirement rates   continue production   detail search   commercial use   member state   primary cause   raw fuel   previous section   same test   standard year   associate information   stringency levels   tribal governments   international markets   lead time   current specification   global rates   historical growth   new certification   technology curves   mid average   turboprop airplanes   burn index   current generations   international process   representative member   maximum extent   backslide measure   online fleets   technology levels   great thrusts   new standards   certification burden   international community   typical frame   exact age   public comments   manufacturerselected speed   physicsbased model   fuselage line   give type   state standards   air range   aggregate group   parametric approach   caep proposal   independent experts   enough time   unique origindestination   true meaning   sufficient range   standardize procedure   friction reduction   special missions   practicable match   potential costs   modify airplane   airbus airplane   manufacture engines   volume procedures   same method   few years   great mass   technical amendment   recommend practices   member states   same class   overall score   overall development   statutory authority   annual efficiency   commercial service   pressurize compartment   advance technology   total aircraft   emission performance   substantial number   significant disadvantage   engine emissions   additional discussion   sufficient time   copyrighted material   individual types   value improvements   entire programs   first steps   international unit   simplify assumption   reduction proposal   physical similarities   late standard103   numerous comments   brief discussion   formal casebycase   potential levels   quick rate   new part   historical rulemaking   final requirements   federal regulations   technical experts4   more flexibility   airworthiness certificate   associate engines   technical updates   base model   ultrahigh engines   disruptive effects   peer review   costeffective technologies   fleet process   low rate   legislative history   broad degree   long term   specialize requirements   original standard   land waters   new section   individual airplane   overall index   domestic operation   similar levels   technical standards   section ivg   subject manufacturers   commercial airplanes   regulatory landscape   specific level   technology responses   fleet efficiency   applicability criteria   different methodology   disclosure statement   establish paradigm   third edition   same year   single deck   major entry   specific technologies   traditional measure   certain classes   overall performance   maximum mass   next step   gaseous emissions   new markets   modify type   standard purposes   global fleet   auxiliary power   protect order   certificate authority   idle operation   potential requirements   regulatory co2   competitive disadvantage   technology elements   similar factors   enginedriven aircraft   exist sources   intergovernmental organizations   usual improvements   low level   stringency options   many types   high body   corporate party   far discussion   domestic standards   15th day   future operations   drag https   unit matrix   economic impacts   bill code   same schedule   international transportation   domestic inventories   update analysis   rate thrusts   significant impact   faa certification   stability criteria   different dates   businessasusual forces   more details   additional floor   final rule   second meeting   same methane   legislative processes   optimum conditions   great weight   first model   air carriers   regulation test   late generation   recur costs   project ranking   individual model   underlie information   future trends   subsonic airplanes   insufficient information   follow paragraphs   far description   major provisions   tribal implications   aerodynamic technologies   value reduction   medium engines   steady level   calculate value   technical corrections   new requirement   methodological framework   various levels   coordinate recommendations   technical cost   executive orders   standardsetting process   approve envelope   efficiency metric   model tracks   next years   significant pressures   standard chapter   exist regulations   potential reduction   such cooperation   propose addition   engine ghg   add emphasis   technical experts   light systems   humanitarian missions   minor change   available kilometer   international consideration   subsonic propeller   natural environment   minimum requirements   low demands   practical difference   ninth document   respective dates   solid growth   relative models   airplane co2   final bulletin   reference standards   drive fleet   significant effect   whole airplane   quad engine   section 307d1   fundamental fairness   global emissions   technical factors   old standards   several issues   policy issues   new versions   international emissions   new date   cool technologies   international pressures   improvement baseline   customer service   takeoff mass   next decade   metric equation   international states   efficiency levels   advance materials   specific test   typographical errors   new manufacturers   similar standards   international document   epa use   follow masses   solid incinerators   high settings   national organization   nitrous oxide   test report   typical testing   procedure amendments   standardize weight   reasonable basis   gross c   environmental issues   caep2 standards   immediate effect   seat capacity   access document   correspond increase   certificate airplanes   capital costs   independent data   iie consideration   direct effects   adopt testing   domestic market   substantial benefits   project baseline   global climate   old edition   applicable procedures   short methodology   standard emissions   regulatory text   baseline values   type certification   original application   applicability language   passenger capacity   technical responses   project reductions   produce airplanes   co2 analysis   technology assumption   know number   permissible rate   follow standards   key elements   longterm methodology   original certificates   appropriate avenue   administrative record   major types   certify types   new level   tenth meeting114   first authority   iterative rounds   gross fractions   commercial traffic   flight tests   airplane aerodynamics   nitrous emissions   constant technology   standard change   detail description   supply curves   independent analysis   individual models   propose rulemaking   whole summary   airplane models   domestic aviation   airplane performance   good insertions   certain procedures   emission metric   terminal area   nonrecurring costs   current definition   economic feasibility   domestic regulations   aggregate levels   relative technology   efficient technology   value limit   different pathways   many airplanes   legal framework   structural changes   manual volume   major changes   new regulation   impact analysis   regulatory action   first sarps   national plan   emission icf   mtom range   global acceptance   enter service   cruise performance   flight testing   reduce technologies   exist design   fourth edition   subject applications   power units   fuel burn   come analysis   different standard   typical passenger   emission smoke   expect business   commercial aviation   emission requirements   certificate airplane   term co2   immediate implementation   actual system   subsonic airplane   final details   public law   continuous efficiency   such period   whole characteristics   federalism implications   certification applications   emission limitations   nox reduction   new standard   unexpect factors   actual properties   adverse effect   gross average   exist technologies   manufacture certificate   low power   collection burden   legal mandates   prospect index   technology response   civil aircraft   final regulations   such technologies   play field   specification criteria   same value   section consideration   engine models   significant changes   extreme cases   total airplanes   fuel venting   nrc estimates   continuous assumptions   ghg procedures   efficiency improvements   international harmonization   regulatory burden   overall effectiveness   brief account   additional reductions   significant expenditures   year activities   global dataset   bad case   point plans   ghg standard   incremental technology   realize price   significant involvement   supply distribution   stationary sources   nonprofit organization   10year extension   healthy world   reduce demands   continual improvement   tenth meeting   additional burden   157pp nature   critical consideration   same thresholds   domestic manufacturers   worldwide reductions   exist test   environmental benefit   effective dates   scientific information   final standards   standard limit   current practices   advance devices   national transfer   technology improvements   potential use   certification process   main policies   future years   available section   rtc document   new requirements   performance metrics   previous standards   preliminary design   pardeelawgmailcom counsel   reasonableness interdependencies   demonstrate technology   next level   act general   new airplanes   adopt rules   require tracking   reasonable specificity   large airplane   reasonable amount   commercial payload   independent experts4   certificate turbofan   short framework   permit values   annex authority   economic reasonableness   technological feasibility   national rules   square meter   specific airplane   available 2072076pp   regional jets   exact odpair   environmental risks   emission limit   aviation industry   specific model   potential research   marine engines   ascendbased rates   subject entities   main steps   more inputs   drag reduction   disproportionate risk   prove technology   technologyforcing result   applicable level   recent programs   mandatory factors   high altitudes   engine standards   international sarps   near term   new version   n2o perfluorocarbons   consistent certification   positive slope   new designs   extrapolate improvement   specific values   renewal process   net consumers   final document   civilian airplane   standard extension   first states   international specification   applicable law   effective cost   specialize airplanes   report provision   commercial fuel   statutory directive   available purchase   small turboprops   major rule   certain airplanes   new costs   approve certificate   advance notice   exist orders   consistent standards   costeffective technology   final promulgation   operation data   type design   twin airplane   minor corrections   affect populations   detail level   international uniformity   cover types   international requirements   such application   chemical compound   civilian variant   domestic ghg   exist airplane   conceptual framework   regulatory analyses   more information   additional details   first technologies   final standard   maximum takeoff   requirement section   annual reduction   most cost   emission scales   new burden   safe manner   reasonable ass   specific types   introductory paragraphs   propose requirement   test procedures   limit exceptions   far tightening   optimum altitude   certificate mtom   icao standards   next technology   subsequent version   first edition   specialize operations   previous series   efficiency improvement   specialize agency   emission trends   businessasusual status   local governments   supplementary table   underlie assumptions   icao specification   far details   subsonic standards   considerable authority   far information   american industry   same level   exist process   final reductions   public room   significant design   low c   overall processes   full alignment   pressurize passenger   wingtip devices   consistent manner   international consensus   similar proposal   match fleet   commercial screenings   same date   different responses   different coverage   cover co2   military airplanes   engine standard   aviation regulations   longestablished terms   short distance   same technology   subsequent rulemaking   potential impact   flag carrier   commercial airplane   voluntary recertification   test data   growth rates   global aviation   detail breakdowns   effective convention   environmental goals   clean agencies   burn likelihood   ton point   great species   comprehensive source   design manufacturers   icaodefined conditions   program management   submit application   possible range   anticipate application   available airplanes   adopt standards   positive effect   appropriate requirements   new engines   new technology   fifth report   engine amendments   current inproduction   bypass engines   new rule   near future   freight versions   environmental regulations   modele scenarios   underlie data   net burden   short takeoffs   regulatory uniformity   approve basis   approve models   commercial turbofan   significant pressure   certain pollutants   piano data   commercial engines   technological technology   international services   national inventories   change criteria   low income   aggregate rate   civil airplane   external antenna   operational flight   normal type   different levels   first meeting   potential standards   sale price   aerodynamic payload   individual engine   significant weight   civil designs   original value   certain material   current level   future year   federal states   efficiencybased metric   significant increase   influential information   independent authority   applicable standards   associate curves   cover aircraft   environmental policy   helpful summary   improve technology   manual procedures   metric system   unnecessary difference   surrogate airplane   7571b section   indigenous peoples   grassroots groups   incremental improvements   cumulative efficiency   basic weight   environmental standard   reduction projections   regulatory impact   renew interest   additional information   forecast rate   fuel specification   epa standards   scale costs   various segments   emission impacts   design changes   next sections   stringency analysis   additional amendments   specific points   aviation efficiency   empty weight   follow engine   small airplanes   information table   aviation market   financial hardships   minor performance   weight reduction   hold company   fuel custom   expect methodology   minimum levels   gross mass   modern engines   necessary step   common approach   international decision   different longterm   stringent level   original certification   regulatory planning   telephone number   caa section   actual reductions   naphthalene specification   quantitative measures   specific range   effective date   good practices   regulatory costs   airworthiness certificates   market share   far improvements   state obligations   decimal places   final scenarios   practicable degree   average rate   crow passengers   flightrelated operations   maximum values   national system   civil supersonic   bombardier forecast   civilian airplanes   develop aircraft   regulatory scenarios   flat plane   range values   correspond standards   great flexibility   slight changes   manufacture turbofan   baseline emissions   necessary investments   actual data   cover airplanes   compliance schedule   firstever standards   consistent information   continuous assumption   flightglobal fleets   specify noise   implementation dates   modele assumptions   estimate value   different weight   reasonable balance   nondimensional rgf   seat kilometer   sensitivity scenario   regulatory authority   high mass   general nature   brief summary   unfunded mandate   deliver thrust   international borders   substantive rule   significant reduction   harmful pollution   wing light   major users   more levels   additional benefits   military aircraft   lowincome populations   actual growth   far detail   numerical limits   performance model   relative rate   unusable fuel   regulatory certainty   substantial effects   far contact   current types   technology costs   maximum content   global competition   main floor   several updates   such emissions   early airplanes   same timeframe   administrative complexity   emission standards   annual factor   demonstrate feasibility   external reviews   need reductions   disruptive impact   compliance extension   european rules   certificate airplanes146   new orders   appropriate consideration   physical size   annual improvement   final action   engine testing   emission testing   education processes   metric ton   continuous improvement   operational requirements   pursuant petition   epaknown inproduction   fast speeds   same token   conversion factor   affect persons   stringent standards   representative products   typical airplanes   new source   emission procedures   follow equation   likely technologies   co2 standards   indevelopment airplanes   ivc section   limit costs   such objection   significant benefits   new rules   except categories   project response   economic challenges   reduction technologies   airplane efficiency   active airports   expect reductions   limit emissions   global harmonization   different method   response improvements   available sources   reduction effectiveness   maximum thresholds   numerical identifier   operational restrictions   nofuel efficiency   aerodynamic weight   military transports   future standards   current situation   judicial review   metric values   international market   forward bulkheads   bombardier cseries   voluntary certifications   aerodynamic efficiency   whole design   technical document   civil variants   negligible effect   civil aviation   fleet evolution   available technologies   exist practices   propellerdriven airplane   many source   final dates   competitive prices   next designs   pair groups   metric value   fuel efficiency   great mtom   low volume   correct mistakes   main deck   worldwide basis   ghg findings   confidential information   gaseous levels   international competitors   baseline inventories   nongovernmental organizations   subject date   reasonable products   emission inventories   small engines   substantive manner   international analysis   individual technologies   mas mtom   jet airplanes   hydrofluorocarbon perfluorocarbons   airplane types   supersonic airplanes   first step   undelivered orders   high speed   first modules   actual number   high value   door configuration   equal share   work groups   noncovered airplanes   final year   airplane emissions   different assumptions   affect entities   late dates   federal actions   normal envelope   significant action   applicability date   great kg   international stage   standard level   design modifications   similar methodologies   certain publications   precede dates   forego petition   technical factor   federal register   executive order   economic factors   additional costs   burn effectiveness   test criteria   economic effect   key comments   small business   ghg regulations   gross points   online platform   compliant engines   eighth meeting   different approach   exist inproduction   thereafter increases   current status   nox standards   indian tribes   national archives   propose results   good cause   regulatory requirements   expect performance   good efficiency   practicable manner   many forms   certificate engines   administrative reconsideration   public database   international procedures   type certificate   biological diversity   general counsel   sensitivity case   recognize certification   global inventories   equivalent emissions   section v   future change   new design   aircraft emissions   standard examples   airplane airplanes   technologyforcing standard   commercial sensitivity   only means   incremental technologies   significant hardships   high costs   same amount   international aviation   various types   available reference   interest parties   regulatory paradigm   airplane weight   international programs   foreign certification   significant effort   new edition   production runs   percent margin   air flights   geometric factor   equivalent standards   global ghg   natural gap   civil certification   average rates   adverse impacts   full piano   technical feasibility   annual group   percent reduction   recent design   baseyear fleet   annual value   associate costs   low mtom   hazardous pollutants   human health   nontowered airports   uptodate inputs   continuous baseline   available technology   great degree   outer mold   twotiered standards   public visitors   potential consequences   official forecast   potential impacts   modify version   identical manner   same ghgs   differ impacts   regulatory emissions   follow meanings   same calculation   affect airplanes   accelerate improvement   particular respect   naphthalene level   small aircraft   federal government   icao analysis   relevant criteria   ga emissions   minimum level   certification report   standard process   international cooperation   drive airplanes   new engine   standard principal   reduction cost   spare engines   international commodities   propulsive efficiency   correct data   sar values   exact match   initial analysis   short term   certificate version   analysis herein   nonrecurring cost   low mass   direct measurements   subsonic aircraft   similar change   baseline scenario   particular year   inform decisions   voluntary standards   environmental protection   usual improvement   environmental protectionvolume   amphibious airplanes   respective burn   economic impact   such action   minor updates   threshold capacity   sensitivity studies   certification standards   emergency configuration   public interest   caep2 proposal   most markets   new application   own practice   final summary   new certificate   interval instrumentation   far section   federal rules   fleet operations   civil jet   certificate point   large reductions   domestic flights   main section   mobile source   longterm years   propose comments   piano outputs   a380 production   circle distance   integrate npias   new aircraft   significant costs   multiple elements   similar improvements   ghgcertificated test   previous rulemakings   such point   ghgcertificated airplane   emission certification   relate requirements   exist incorporation   intergovernmental panel   significant noise   same reasons   different standards   prior c   usable fuel   public hearing   domestic action   annual improvements   index score   takeoff mtom   marketshare selection   overall consumers   great distance   a380 order   public comment   technical report   inproduction airplanes   airplane type   wellmixed ghgs   financial resources   original certificate   icao procedures   domestic types   rulemake approach   large traffic   net savings   single compound   prior version   most inproduction   exist airplanes   airworthiness certification   adaptive devices   more time   size airplanes   domestic states   federal airports   exist procedures   appellate procedure   necessary time   initial data   additional time   compliance margin   new airplane   many cases   comparative basis   new specification   kink point   maximum capacity   future implications   usual projects   nochange thresholds   anticipatedmodeled technology   additional challenges   civil proceedings   global lines   peer reviews
Actions:   regulate emissions   submit s   initiate rulemakings   receive that   strengthen industry   represent assumptions   make attempt   compare assumption   convert rate   introduce modifications   upcoming framework   follow a   regulate substances   measure rate   issue certificates   tighten standard   forecast projects   quote history   employ metric   describe rationale   carry elements   evaluate reductions   propose regulations   cross borders   increase efficiency   use this   exceed mach   impose duty   see 1997   deem see   apply protection   require costs   improve factors   meet regulations   hold passengers   cause changes   finalize standards   affect limit   enable us   determine that   adopt consistent   develop system   improve efficiency   change them   create reductions   consider factors   promote harmonization   establish docket   permit development   pass options   present reasons   impose restriction   advise faa   control two   aerodynamic improvements   meet obligation   consider market   advise epa   summarize cost   preexist rules   adopt them   endanger rule   include circumstances   affect harmonization   enable carriers   remove question   contribute expertise   adopt that   consider impact   see ivg   control subdivision   assess rule   include emissions   avoid need   control burn   yield reductions   involve standards   reduce technologies   update herein   pose problem   http signinciriumcom   include devices   include change   rule statement   disrupt certification   generate report   incorporate plans   provide flexibility   include units   rewing analysis   enforce them   suggest revision   require factors   use input   perform tests   incorporate characteristics   disrupt icao   improve navigation   add costs   notify icao   adopt sarps   depart angeles   request recertification   set test   meet rule   use information   adopt language   reflect levels   use selection   control costs   scale price   cover airplane   rgf measure   identify contractor   create framework   match stringency   include notice   exceed standards   change antenna   interpret act   anticipate costs   improve regulation   adopt information   reduce risk   capture certificate   continue relationship   list information   contain airports   asses impact   make cause   assert authority   quote states   compile curves   assess need   give weight   form basis   move programs   require changes   have mtom   assess feasibility   establish limits   set feasibility   require scoring   report body   grant relief   correct errors   establish framework   advance performance   contribute assists   give consideration   match standards   compare benefits   change configuration   improve values   protect jobs   calculate rates   submit action   annex volume   improve improvement   make improvement   address venting   develop levels   match scope   offset improvements   meet that   use it   improve burn   issue notice   understand airplanes   promulgate requirements   approve amendments   file page   protect waters   reference edition   review order   develop standards   identify balance   apply them   discharge obligations   change value   see chapter   delay date   reflect improvement   include range   place manufacturers   reflect differences   apply assumption   determine values   review consequences   minimize noise   show assessment   handle standards   ensure dot   predict improvements   include specifications   mention changes   give time   recognize hardships   see c   call this   present that   issue findings   determine cost   adopt recommendations   affect safety   level field   evaluate technology   issue rule   cover emissions   conduct studies   analyze technologies   propose findings   adopt specification   show limits   test specification   project reductions   generate score   pose challenge   compare analysis   use equation   describe impacts   spend billion   define evolution   require instrumentation   meet needs   encourage compliance   leave standards   provide certainty   consider feasibility   retain value   assume improvement   conduct search   follow programs   derive index   analyze baselinescenarios   obtain airplane   operate airplanes   regulate pollutant   reconsider rule   summarize outputs   conduct reviews   require faa   exceed levels   accompany action   webform number   evaluate regulations   extend efficiency   maximize efficiencies   certify all   conduct exclusive   enable them   estimate ghg   develop inventories   affect burn   use which   connect curves   affect value   provide measures   provide uniformity   represent growth   need time   afford amount   take 129a4   set process   affect distribution   provide service   replace improvements   seek certification   drive effectiveness   require compliance   derive decisions   use factor   cost 155   replace edition   list types   recommend volume   undertake effort   recommend protection   meet mtom   track changes   modify manufacturer   warrant discussion   develop responses   include millions   see v   take standards   set standard   deem 231b   enforce compliance   certify airplane   develop a350   http wwwepagovdockets   direct agencies   update testing   consider performance   reduce impact   endanger section   recommend practices   include elements   fit trend   incorporate sar   contain mandate   asses impacts   maintain effectiveness   see regulations   see page   direct administrator   grant petition   recognize certificates   make announcement   adopt provisions   cite regulation   weigh criteria   andor peoples   file petition   trigger authority   meet capacity   include required   cut production   measure performance   mean source   reduce number   define airplanes   impose federalism   modify production   uphold promulgation   include rd   include standard   update incorporation   adopt ghg   understand meaning   reduce weight   indicate number   file vol   gain consensus   include limits   minimize terms   balance cost   propose provision   charge fees   require manufactures   limit burden   result that   resemble boats   limit sae   obtain airplanes   impose burden   follow incorporation   emulate process   convert burn   enable manufacturers   align standards   certify design   see 307d1   represent epa   regulate smoke   provide manufacturers   cause increase   seek faa   upgrade percent   use values   compare emissions   receive model   describe standards   incorporate modifications   impose standards   publish document   rulemake considerations   apply airplanes   establish goals   reduce likelihood   affect companies   reduce drag   extend range   analyze options   include requirement   incorporate provisions   provide levels   record nara   maintain uniformity   require publication   trigger requirement   project cost   link data   address accounting   reduce order   use metric   relieve burden   incorporate measure   limit operation   assume note   exceed threshold   matter predecessor   replace them   recognize differences   discuss costs   lead time   represent level   detail methodology   contain inproduction   implement requirements   reduce cooling   introduce uncertainty   describe costs   project discussion   allow time   revise a   address justice   prove action   change fairing   undergo review   align examples   attain improvements   assess cost   calculate factor   reflect technology   model airplane   improve which   deny certificate   use improvements   provide estimate   recur 153   conduct work   quantify costs   calculate value   see sections   define design   generate projections   recommend reduction   constitute cause   meet requirements   fulfill obligations   cost billion   model metrics   capture improvements   cover airplanes   market airplanes   characterize scenario   regulate pollutants   measure performance158   adopt requirement   divide area   trigger criteria   certificate an   see section   follow percent   market planes   follow authority   include versions   use standards   reengine boeing   complete process   establish value   increase payload   combine rates   rewing emb   cool response   will epa   define applications   develop method   use act   improve order   adopt standard   provide mechanism   describe elements   include characteristics   make assumptions   enforce edition   prescribe regulations   facilitate acceptance   consume methane   meet levels   control scales   understand action   provide list   reflect businessasusual   analyze case   progress technology   improve clarity   measure distance   change date   conduct testing   avoid concerns   recommend tightening   entitle control   inform adoption   generate values   adjust behavior   require us   contribute finding   change etc   utilize data   represent interests   use data   apply 553d   secure degree   apply requirement   clarify requirements   operate weight   consider standards   comply test   andor dates   receive stringency   reduce wwwdictionarycombrowsefairing   review report   control standards   accommodate range   develop technology   confer degree   approve which   create inventories   address standards   insure compliance   meet level   adopt version   use aircraft   need extension   calculate average   apply improvement   align requirements   see paragraph   meet criteria   urge states   delay applicability   reflect difference   adopt thresholds   implement standards   control pollutant   include engine   identify costs   amend 40   develop manufacturers   include engines   require test   build nrc   simplify computation   process data   decide t   recommend edition   indicate improvement   control dates   use fuel   describe authority   enforce standard   measure burn   provide congress   interpret authority   consider end   contribute group   use approach   emit two   use dates   submit airplanes   meet chapter   obtain degree   consult person   include standards   enforce section   continue approach   make modifications   describe methodologies   include code   discuss standard   grow activities   take metric   rank technologies   achieve result   propose dates   ascend database   use project   include data   reduce burn   generate improvements   make finding   explore range   budget billion   measure co2   firefight airplanes   follow control   use airplanes   allow increases   track efficiency   represent size   require capacity   propose standards   carry airplanes   control order   use share   obtain certification   issue airplane   create baseline   recommend sarps   take effect   enter fleet   issue rulemaking   finalize exceptions   include costs   determine compliance   receive comments   shorten fuselage   adopt consideration   reject standards   ensure certification   conduct operations   maintain consistency   submit report   adopt procedures   direct secretary   limit costs   show range   set level   adopt limit   increase mtom   limit burn   define source   promulgate all   participate member   measure efficiency   raise objection   meet standards   include expectation   see ivh   differentiate pathways   represent range   provide source   match regulations   seek airplane   accept orders   update assessment   describe feasibility   govern states   pas level   analyze improvements   receive application   provide description   achieve reductions   balance necessity   determine sum   use efficiency   examine criteria   calculate emissions   make changes   define weight   impact analysis   submit petition   analyze levels   bring standards   take years   satisfy obligations   adopt mtom   enter service90   create hazard   exceed limit   ban use   establish standards   file document   consider inclusion   compare airplanes   transmit signals   propose date   give notice   use mtom   direct epa   impose restrictions   seek methods   cover evolution   control emissions   project improvement   secure future   seek exemptions   promulgate standards   include improvements   find 47   undertake rulemakings   expand scope   provide avenue   ensure acceptance   surround light   differentiate effect   establish limit   provide input   continue production   include technologies   determine rgf   consume range   end exit   improve expenditures   apply costs   include assumptions   give notification   adopt standards   reflect performance   end which   provide summary   include airplanes   address icao   generate methodology   demonstrate compliance   receive certification   arise priorities   change standards   control co2   produce turboprops   require reevaluation   redesign iv   recommend volumes   give control   reduce burden   have mass   conduct number   reflect them   concern regulations   fly distance   amend test   play role   develop estimates   clarify procedures   finalize metric   start report   reflect efforts   differentiate results   replace airplanes   exceed following   perform number   provide rationale   extend improvements   can counsel   submit airplane   present risk   use model   provide delay   incorporate schedule   identify airplanes   protect environment   grant t   describe factors   assume flights   implement that   revise regulations   encourage competition   describe response   control inproduction   raise issues   generate analysis   include production   trigger compliance   adopt proposal   sell products   make improvements   result a   establish use   amend application   increase value   measure compound   modele this   choose conditions   enter service   incorporate use   ensure compliance   follow 1   include provisions   incorporate technologies   address impacts   meet icao   issue regulations   reward technologies   take interdependencies   reflect feasibility   grow rates   set standards   decrease complexity   invest effort   certificate type   utilize subset   regulate manufacturers   develop regulations   describe metric   match parameters   follow method   reduce emissions   make sense   receive certificate   issue action   continue j   determine responses   enforce standards   use methodologies   enforce emissions   deliver it   include criteria   evaluate scenario   include steps   affect governments   incorporate technology   warrant time   adopt 73   apply both   end runs   require demonstration   develop technologies   can fax   ensure recognition   describe changes   forecast improvements   seek relief   undergo changes   achieve reduction   ignore effects   adopt which   sum outputs   reduce pollution   describe analysis   provide requirements   seek input   own stock   apply modifications   convert airplane   submit application   rulemake types   need exemption   predict implications   change analysis   project improvements   adopt these   implement technology   show improvement   comply convention   follow edition   aerodynamic weight   quantify efficiency   describe assumptions   achieve world   adopt approach   prevent discharge   find emissions   meet standard   resolve issue   include trends   characterize examples   advance aerodynamics   reduce https   use average   adopt regulations   use action   see procedures   adopt metric   increase mass   file species   set types   redesign airplanes   analyze results   burn a   improve baseline   incorporate modification   adopt criteria   reduce regulation   conduct that   power standards   regulate e   make decisions   adopt summary   carry cargo   endanger notice   recommend measures   present caep   ask kilometer   know rate   define baseline   include boeing   include language   give fact   issue basis   grant exemptions   choose other   assess reductions   recur costs   include scenario   propose requirement   bound range   promote cooperation   mean iii   measure eous   follow rulemaking   file code   mean airplane   reduce icf   install incorporation   adjust baseline   develop baseline   reject summary   require limitations   continue paradigm   measure airframe   depart us   transmit covid   demonstrate feasibility   second request   endanger health   need notice   increase 1   estimate 54   take forms   submit icr   inform standard   issue standards   resolve concerns   use processes   contribute matters   meet obligations   consider assumptions   use assumption   define trl8   identify technologies   analyze reductions   provide elements   understand differences   adopt dates   evaluate models   make determination   add part   estimate costs   contribute findings   establish performance   facilitate recommendations   serve t   define change   project costs   undergo certification   determine index   limit emissions   exist data   require agency   criterion a   issue summary   affect levels   align specification   provide relief   limit improvements   scale challenges   represent percent   replace 767f   conduct review   replace fleet   implement amendments   use co2   end production   develop a380   decide principal   require epa   demonstrate airworthiness   project operations   use power   manufacture airplanes   increase noise   give absence   incorporate change   capture modifications   provide information   carry duty   detail technologies   find iii   comply reasons   prepare airplane   address committee   prohibit epa   cross point   adopt pursuant   direct request   provide time   carry that   certify airplanes   recognize disruption   model performance   submit modification   conduct analysis   model differences   address issues   alleviate burden   generate matrix   control ghgs   require manufacturers   reflect status
This section lists the details about pathway-specific attributes.